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How to configure a router

Original version by Lukasz Sawicki

Proper configuration of the router is the precondition for networking and Internet access. Let’s begin with the description of its functions. In general, router is a network device that is a communication node between the sending and receiving endpoint. The control of the traffic is called routing. Router creates a routing table or routing information base (RIB) that stores the best routes to certain network destinations, or the “routing metrics” associated with those routes, and the path to the next hop router. It allows to direct the packets to specified destinations. The routing process means interaction of at least two subnets.

The immense growth of the number of Internet users is the reason of remedial measures that overcome the limits of Ipv4 (Internet Protocol version 4). One of the measures is routing. It means linking of internal network with a pool of “private” IP addresses to the public network. Simply the router uses less (external) IP addresses than the number of supported computers in the local network. The diagram below depicts the typical solution.

Example of routing with NAT function

Router configuration example is based on the

TP-Link TL-WR542G device

Notice: TP-Link TL-WR542G N2950 does not support ADSL service (it is not equipped with ADSL modem).

Router connects two or more logical subnets, e.g. external network with Internet access (WAN) with local network (LAN), making a bridge for information exchange. Without proper configuration the connection will be impossible. In most cases, router acts as a specialized computer (replacing a standard computer) working in external network, with software and hardware tailored to the tasks of routing and forwarding. It allows to create internal (local) network.

In this case, the computer configuration involves:

• taking down all settings of the NIC (working in external network),
  • IP address
  • Subnet mask
  • Default gateway
  • Preferred DNS server

• changing the way of address assignment to dynamic (DHCP), or setting fixed IP address from the router’s range,
• connecting the computer with LAN port of the router.

Example of assigning a fixed IP address for TCP/IP protocol. This option is used when the router does not assign addresses automatically. At this stage there is no need to enter default gateway nor DNS servers parameters.

After restarting the computer, there is possibility of connecting with the router (via Internet browser). The logged in user (the initial user name and password are given in the user’s manual) can configure the router.

The login window

The easiest way of configuring the router is use of “Quick Setup” option.

The first dialog box

To begin configuration we should choose Next.

It is important to select adequate kind of WAN connection type:

There are three possibilities:

• PPPoE – in the case of network using PPPoE protocol (rather untypical),
• Dynamic IP – the router will get IP address automatically (the most common option),
• Static IP – in the case of fixed IP address.

Choice of WAN connection type

For Static IP option there are needed the settings of the NIC (to be entered). In the case of Dynamic IP this box will be omitted:

In this box there are entered adequate settings (previously taken down or given by the ISP)

After configuring WAN port parameters the next step is setup of Access Point:

Planning to use access point, it is needed:

• to select suitable channel,
• to set SSID,
• to choose the region (country),
• to set data encryption and cryptographic keys (in the tab Wireless >> Wireless Settings).

……

[This is not complete article. For full version go to DIPOL WLAN, TV-SAT, CCTV web site.]

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Article Source: ArticlesBase.com – How to Configure Router?

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